﻿{"id":676,"date":"2012-03-24T15:21:59","date_gmt":"2012-03-24T15:21:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/?p=676"},"modified":"2015-11-18T16:08:58","modified_gmt":"2015-11-18T14:08:58","slug":"michael-faraday-ilginc-bir-yasam-ve-etkileyici-birbasari-hikayesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/michael-faraday-ilginc-bir-yasam-ve-etkileyici-birbasari-hikayesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Michael FARADAY-\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bir Ya\u015fam Ve Etkileyici Bir Ba\u015far\u0131 Hikayesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1123\" title=\"faraday\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/faraday.jpg?resize=150%2C212&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"212\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Bir \u00e7ok bilim adam\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc okudum. Ama hi\u00e7 biri beni bu kadar etkilemedi. Bilim Teknik dergisinde okudu\u011fum makale umar\u0131m sizlerin de ilgisini \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n<p>Faraday, neredeyse yoksulluktan, yitip gitmek \u00fczere olan bir aileden, yoktan yeti\u015fti. \u015eimdilerin Londra&#8217;ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Elephant and Castle b\u00f6lgesinde, 22 Eyl\u00fcl 1791\u2019de do\u011fdu. Babas\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken, demircilik zanaatini zar zor icra edebiliyor ve dolay\u0131 s\u0131yla da ailesini zor bela ge\u00e7indiriyordu. Annesi, b\u00fcy\u00fck ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcye sahipti ve ailenin temel dire\u011fiydi. Faraday&#8217;\u0131 n zor \u00e7ocuklu\u011funda ona b\u00fcy\u00fck destek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Faraday \u00fc\u00e7 karde\u015ften biriydi. 13 ya\u015f\u0131nda, yaln\u0131zca okuma ve yazma bilen biri olarak okulu b\u0131rakmak zorunda kald\u0131. 14 ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011fin de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bilim adam\u0131 olma yolunda ba\u015f\u0131na gelen \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck iki olaydan biri ge\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Kitap\u00e7\u0131 ve cilt\u00e7i d\u00fckkan\u0131 olan George Ribeau i\u00e7in gazete da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Michael&#8217;i \u00e7ok seven Ribeau ona yedi y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir \u00e7\u0131rakl\u0131k \u00f6nerisinde bulundu. Faraday \u00f6neriyi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zevkle kabul etti; <!--more-->\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hem ailesinin ge\u00e7imine yard\u0131m ediyor, hem de farkl\u0131 konularda bir\u00e7ok kitap okuma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buluyordu. \u00d6zellikle kimya ve fizik \u00fczerine olanlar ilgisini \u00e7ok \u00e7ekiyordu.\u00a0 \u00c7ok az e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n Faraday&#8217;\u0131n kimya ve fizi\u011fe ilgisi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla art\u0131yordu. \u00c7\u0131rakl\u0131k y\u0131llar\u0131nda kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer \u00f6nemli yetenekse deney yapmayd\u0131. Ribeau&#8217;nun izniyle, kitap\u00e7\u0131 d\u00fckkan\u0131n\u0131n, bir odas\u0131nda bo\u015f vakitlerini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in basit deneyler yap\u0131yordu. \u00a0 Ne var ki Faraday, art\u0131k elinden ge\u00e7en kitaplarla yetinemez olmu\u015ftu. B\u00fct\u00fcn konferanslara kat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bilim adam\u0131 olma yolunda ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131ysa i\u015fte bu konferanslar\u0131n birine bedava bilet bulmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Einstein&#8217;\u0131 saymazsak herhalde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman zarf\u0131nda bu konferans\u0131 verecek olan Sir Humphry Davy kadar pop\u00fcler olan ve sevilen ba\u015fka bir bilim adam\u0131 daha yoktu. Davy, 1812\u2019de, Kraliyet Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde d\u00f6rt konferans verdi. Faraday bu konferanslar\u0131 dikkatle izledi ve hemen her\u015feyi not ald\u0131. Daha sonra bu notlar\u0131 ciltledi ve Davy&#8217;e, laboratuvar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k kadro olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soran bir notla birlikte yollad\u0131. Davy, Faraday&#8217;\u0131n hevesinden etkilenmi\u015fti ve Onunla bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yapt\u0131; ancak i\u015f teklifinde bulunmad\u0131. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra\u00a0 Davy&#8217;nin ba\u015f\u0131na gelen talihsiz bir olay\u00a0 onu ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcre k\u00f6r b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve \u00a0 bu s\u0131rada not tutmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Faraday&#8217;\u0131 yan\u0131na ald\u0131.\u00a0 1813 y\u0131l\u0131 Faraday&#8217;\u0131n bilim \u00a0 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na tam anlam\u0131yla\u00a0 girdi\u011fi y\u0131ld\u0131r. Davy&#8217;le tart\u0131\u015fan asistanlar\u0131ndan birinin \u00a0 bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadroya, 21 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Faraday ge\u00e7ti. Faraday, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir f\u0131rsat yakalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Davy ve\u00a0 Faraday bir Avrupa turuna\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Bu tur s\u0131ras\u0131nda Faraday, Ampere ve Volta gibi \u00a0 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131yla tan\u0131\u015fma ve y\u00fcz y\u00fcze g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 buldu. Ayr\u0131ca bu tur s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Davyen temel e\u011fitimden bile yoksun olan Faraday&#8217;a dersler verdi. Bilgiye a\u00e7 gen\u00e7, 1815&#8217;te \u0130ngiltere karas\u0131na ad\u0131m att\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 1813&#8217;te ayr\u0131landan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131. 18 ay s\u00fcren bu yolculuk O&#8217;nu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en iyi deneycilerinden biri yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Nitekim, Faraday kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc kavray\u0131\u015f\u0131yla insanl\u0131k tarihinin en \u00f6nemli bulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecekti.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bulu\u015flar\u0131\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201cElektriksel y\u00fck depolayan bu ayg\u0131t (kapasit\u00f6r) \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sayesinde ileride \u201cklavye\u201d diye bir ayg\u0131t yap\u0131lacak.\u201d Faraday elbette b\u00f6yle bir\u015fey s\u00f6ylemedi. Bunu Faraday&#8217;\u0131n, neredeyse 200 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ke\u015ffetti\u011fi \u015feylerin hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7ine ne denli girdi\u011fini ve bizi ne derece etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6sterebilmek istedik. Faraday&#8217;\u0131n e\u015fsiz sezgisi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Faraday&#8217;\u0131 di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim adamlar\u0131ndan ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerden biri de i\u015fte buydu. Newton, Einstein hatta kuantum fizi\u011fini yaratan kadro, bulduklar\u0131 hemen hi\u00e7bir \u015fey d\u00fcnyay\u0131 direk olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyememi\u015ftir. Evet belki, Newton fizik biliminin babas\u0131, Einstein evreni kavray\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi, kuantum fizi\u011fi bize yeni bir d\u00fcnya a\u00e7t\u0131; ama hi\u00e7biri Faraday&#8217;\u0131nkiler kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 ve etkili de\u011fildi. Faraday&#8217;\u0131 di\u011fer bilim adamlar\u0131ndan ay\u0131ran bir ba\u015fka \u00f6zellik(!) bilim tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir istisna te\u015fkil ediyor. Faraday matemati\u011fi neredeyse hi\u00e7 kullanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Elektrik ve kimya \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinde bir tane dahi denklem yoktur. Bunun nedeni elbette okul e\u011fitiminden yoksun olmas\u0131yd\u0131. O b\u00fct\u00fcn her \u015feyi deneysel olarak bulmu\u015f, m\u00fckemmel sezgisiyle deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 n\u0131 do\u011fru yorumlamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren bulu\u015flar\u0131na gelince:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Civa Dolu Kap \u0130\u00e7inde Sabitlenen Telin Etraf\u0131nda D\u00f6nen M\u0131knat\u0131s!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Faraday Kraliyet Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde, Davy\u2019nin yan\u0131nda, kimyac\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Kimyayla ilgili ilk makalesini 1816\u2019da yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Ancak 1920\u2019de olan bir olay ilgisinin elektri\u011fe ve manyetizmaya kaymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Hans Cristian Oersted\u2019in elektrik ta\u015f\u0131yan bir telin m\u0131knat\u0131s \u00fczerine etkisini g\u00f6steren ke\u015ffi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu kaynak olay\u0131, \u00f6\u011frencilerine ders verirken elektrik ge\u00e7en bir telin yan\u0131nda tesad\u00fcfen duran bir pusulan\u0131n ibresinin sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmesi \u015feklinde aktar\u0131rken, baz\u0131 kaynaklar da deneyi bilin\u00e7li olarak ve bir konferansta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmekte. Ger\u00e7e\u011fin ne oldu\u011funa siz karar verin; ancak ortadaki ger\u00e7ek bu olay Faraday\u0131 \u00e7ok etkilemi\u015fti. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Faraday Oersted\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00f6steriye kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve dikkatle izledi. G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fey pusula i\u011fnelerinin tele dik olacak bi\u00e7imde konumlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131yd\u0131. Faraday bundan yola \u00e7\u0131karak bir deney d\u00fczene\u011fi tasarlad\u0131. Deney d\u00fczene\u011fi bir terazi gibi iki koldan olu\u015fan bir sistemdi. \u0130ki kap vard\u0131 ve bu kaplar\u0131n i\u00e7inde civa doluydu. Bu civa dolu kaplar\u0131n birinin i\u00e7inde sabit bit m\u0131knat\u0131s, di\u011ferindeyse sabit bir tel bulunuyordu. Terazi kollar\u0131ndansa, m\u0131knat\u0131s olan kaba tel, tel olan kabaysa m\u0131knat\u0131s serbest\u00e7e d\u00f6nebilecek bi\u00e7imde sark\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sisteme ak\u0131m verildi\u011finde serbest as\u0131l\u0131 tel ve m\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131n d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu deney sayesinde elektrik ve manyetizma aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131 kesin olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldu. Deneylerini Ekim 1821\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya duyuran Faraday bir anda \u00fcnl\u00fc oldu. Ancak ne varki ayn\u0131 deneyi yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir\u00e7ok bilim adam\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. Bunun \u00fczerine Faraday sayg\u0131n bilim adamlar\u0131na deney d\u00fczene\u011finin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rne\u011fini haz\u0131rlayarak yollad\u0131. Faraday\u2019\u0131n deney d\u00fczene\u011fi ultraverimsiz bir elektrik motoruydu. Daha sonralar\u0131 bu potansiyeli farkeden pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi bu sistemi geli\u015ftirdi ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki elektrik motorlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00c7\u0131lg\u0131n Pusula \u0130\u011fneleri!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Faraday, elektriksel d\u00f6nmenin ke\u015ffinden yakla\u015f\u0131k on y\u0131l sonra, 29 A\u011fustos 1831&#8217;de bu basit ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck deneyi yapt\u0131. Bu deneyi yapma amac\u0131 elektrik ve mayetizma aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi iyiden iyiye kavrayabilmekti. Faraday bu deneyde elektromanyetik ind\u00fcksiyon ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi olay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftimi\u015f oldu. Sistemin A ucuna ak\u0131m verildi\u011fi zaman demir halkada bir elektromanyetik alan olu\u015fur. Olu\u015fan bu alan B ucundaki sar\u0131mda ak\u0131m olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve olu\u015fan ak\u0131m da manyetik i\u011fneyi d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Faraday, \u00a0bu etkiyi yaln\u0131zca ak\u0131m verdi\u011finde ve ak\u0131m\u0131 kesti\u011finde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmi\u015f. Bu, ind\u00fcksiyonun ak\u0131mdaki de\u011fi\u015fime ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funun bir g\u00f6stergesiydi. Elektromanyetik ind\u00fcksiyonun ke\u015ffi, elektrik transformat\u00f6rlerinin yap\u0131m\u0131na olanak sa\u011flad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn pek fark\u0131na varmasak da, transformat\u00f6rler olmadan ya\u015fayamazd\u0131k. Kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki bilgisayar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan transfomat\u00f6rlerdir ve daha say\u0131s\u0131z bir\u00e7ok elektrikli aletin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yine transformat\u00f6rler sayesinde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Faraday, elektromanyetik ind\u00fcksiyon \u00fczerinde elde etti\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 ard\u0131ndan deneylerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc ve ayn\u0131 ilkeyi kullanan ba\u015fka bir ayg\u0131t\u0131 daha icat etti. \u00c7o\u011fumuz b\u00fcy\u00fck, heybetli hiroelekrik santrallerini, foto\u011frafta bile olsa g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00fczd\u00fcr. Su geni\u015f borulardan h\u0131zla akar ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta her nas\u0131l olursa evimizde her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015fimizi g\u00f6rmemizi sa\u011flayan elektri\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte bu mucizevi olay, yine Faraday&#8217;\u0131n bulu\u015flar\u0131ndan biri sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Bu bulu\u015f jenerat\u00f6rd\u00fc. Mukavvadan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u00e7i bo\u015f bir silindir etraf\u0131na tel saran Faraday, bu telin u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131da bir m\u0131knat\u0131s i\u011fnesine ba\u011flad\u0131. Daha sonra bu silindirin i\u00e7inde m\u0131knat\u0131s ge\u00e7irince i\u011fnenin sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Ancak i\u011fnedeki sapma m\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131n hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcne ve h\u0131z\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiyordu. \u0130\u015fte Faraday bu icad\u0131yla ilk jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcretmi\u015f oldu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde elektrik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in h\u00e2l\u00e2 ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130ster n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r olsun, ister r\u00fczgar enerjisi, elektri\u011fi jenerat\u00f6rler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00fcretiyoruz.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Mucizeden Ger\u00e7e\u011fe<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Faraday ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Zaman zaman c\u00fcmleye ba\u015flay\u0131p sonuna geldi\u011finde ba\u015fta ne dedi\u011fini unuttu. Hastal\u0131k 1840 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ok artt\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na 5 y\u0131l ara vermesine neden oldu. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zor durumu, 1843&#8217;te yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mektupta arkada\u015f\u0131 Christian Schonbein&#8217;a \u015f\u00f6yle aktar\u0131yordu: \u201cSana bir mektup yazmaya ba\u015flamam gerekiyor,ama genelde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere, keyif ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 sinir n\u00f6betlerimden birinin ortas\u0131nda, haf\u0131zam bana ihanet ediyor ve c\u00fcmlenin sonuna geldi\u011fimde c\u00fcmlenin\u00a0ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorum. Bu y\u00fczden laf\u0131n sonunu tutarl\u0131l\u0131kla getirebilir miyim acaba, pek bilemiyorum?\u201d1845 y\u0131l\u0131nda her \u015feye ra\u011fmen laboratuvar\u0131n\u0131nba\u015f\u0131na geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla \u0131\u015f\u0131k\u00a0ve manyetizma aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6stererek,\u00a0Maxwell&#8217;in elektromanyetizman\u0131n e\u015fsiz g\u00fczellikteki\u00a0denklemlerini biraraya getirmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Faraday, d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir okul e\u011fitimi alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in matematik bilgisinden yoksundu. Elektromanyetizma ve kimya \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n hemen hi\u00e7birinde tek bir denklem dahi yoktu. Ancak bu haliyle bile Faraday \u00e7ok verimli bir bilim insan\u0131yd\u0131. Faraday\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerinden birisi elektromanyetizma ve k\u00fctle \u00e7ekimi aras\u0131nda bir ili\u015fki olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fiydi. Bunun i\u00e7in deneyler tasarlad\u0131ysa da ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu ki bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131! Bu yolda Einstein dahil bir\u00e7ok bilim adam\u0131 ter d\u00f6kt\u00fc ve halen daha d\u00f6k\u00fcyor; ancak k\u00fctle \u00e7ekim \u0131srarla direnmekte. \u00d6yleki do\u011fada bilinen di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 kuvvet; elektromanyetik kuvvet, zay\u0131f etkile\u015fim kuvvetleri, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etkile\u015fim kuvvetleri kuantum mekani\u011fiyle a\u00e7\u0131klanabiliyor; ancak h\u00e2l\u00e2 kuantum \u015fzi\u011fi ve k\u00fctle \u00e7ekim biraraya getirilebilmi\u015f\u00a0de\u011fil. (Bu arada elektromanyetizma ve zay\u0131f etkile\u015fim kuvveti elektrozay\u0131f kuvvet ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda birle\u015fmi\u015f bir teori halini ald\u0131.) Faraday b\u00fct\u00fcn hayat\u0131 boyunca sade bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 benimsedi. \u015fovalye \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 ve para getirecek bir\u00e7ok teklifi geri \u00e7evirdi. Faraday ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 son d\u00f6nemlerinde iyiden iyiye bast\u0131ran hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n pen\u00e7esine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 1862&#8217;de dostu Schonbein&#8217;a art\u0131k tek sat\u0131r\u0131 bile bir seferde okuyamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve daha fazla mektup yazamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek veda ediyordu.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0Son S\u00f6z&#8230;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bir dahinin hayat\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dersleri sizlere aktarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. \u00d6zellikle son 300 y\u0131lda d\u00fcnya b\u00fcy\u00fck dahilerin sahne ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tiyatroya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Hemen hepsi farkl\u0131 karakterlerde, ilgin\u00e7 insanlard\u0131. Ancak hepsinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ortak nokta vard\u0131,\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar! Edison&#8217;un dedi\u011fi dehan\u0131n y\u00fczde biri ilham, y\u00fczde doksandokuzu ter. Bu s\u00f6ze ister kat\u0131l\u0131n ister kat\u0131lmay\u0131n, ama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bulu\u015flar\u0131n temel kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ek.<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak : \u00a0Bilim Teknik Dergisi Eyl\u00fcl 2006 Say\u0131s\u0131<br \/>\nMakaleyi Haz\u0131rlayan :\u00a0Bilkent \u00dcniversitesi Fizik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 2. s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencisi Talip Serkan Kas\u0131rga<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir \u00e7ok bilim adam\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc okudum. Ama hi\u00e7 biri beni bu kadar etkilemedi. Bilim Teknik dergisinde okudu\u011fum makale umar\u0131m sizlerin de ilgisini \u00e7eker. Faraday, neredeyse yoksulluktan, yitip gitmek \u00fczere olan bir aileden, yoktan yeti\u015fti. \u015eimdilerin Londra&#8217;ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Elephant and Castle b\u00f6lgesinde, 22 Eyl\u00fcl 1791\u2019de do\u011fdu. Babas\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken, demircilik zanaatini zar zor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[5],"tags":[212],"class_list":["post-676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vaybee","tag-michael-faraday"],"psp_head":"<title>Michael FARADAY \u2013 Orijinal Olan Her Bilgi...<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Michael FARADAY-\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bir Ya\u015fam Ve Etkileyici BirBa\u015far\u0131 Hikayesi\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index,follow\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/michael-faraday-ilginc-bir-yasam-ve-etkileyici-birbasari-hikayesi\/\" \/>\r\n","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p2X1Qf-aU","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":6380,"url":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/ramanujan-ve-1729un-hikayesi\/","url_meta":{"origin":676,"position":0},"title":"Ramanujan Ve 1729&#8217;un Hikayesi","author":"karadenizli","date":"17 Nisan 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Y\u0131llar \u00f6nce Bilim Teknik dergisinde okudu\u011fum bu hikayeyle tekrar kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131nca sizlerle de payla\u015fmak istedim. 1729'un hikayesine ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce hikayenin kahraman\u0131 hakk\u0131nda biraz bilgi edinelim. Srinivasa Aiyangar Ramanujan G\u00fcney Hindistan'da, kast sisteminde en y\u00fcksek tabaka olan Brahman bir ailede do\u011far. Ailesinin maddi durumu pek iyi de\u011fildir. Vefat\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha sonra hakk\u0131nda\u2026","rel":"","context":"&quot;Genel&quot; i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"Genel","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/category\/genel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"ramanujan","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/ramanujan.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":328,"url":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/sayilarin-anlattigi-gercekler\/","url_meta":{"origin":676,"position":1},"title":"Say\u0131lar\u0131n Anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ger\u00e7ekler","author":"karadenizli","date":"31 Ocak 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"* Samanyolu galaksisinde 10-20 milyar y\u0131ld\u0131z vard\u0131r. *Evren 14,7 milyar y\u0131l ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. *Samanyolu 12 milyar y\u0131l ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. *G\u00fcne\u015f 5 milyar y\u0131l ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. *D\u00fcnya 4,6 milyar y\u0131l ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. *Ya\u015fam 3,8 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce D\u00fcnya\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131. *Ven\u00fcs kendi \u00e7evresinde b\u00fct\u00fcn gezegenlerin tersi y\u00f6nde d\u00f6ner. *Nept\u00fcn gezegeninin kutuplar\u0131 G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e d\u00f6n\u00fckt\u00fcr. *G\u00fcne\u015f sisteminde atmosferi\u2026","rel":"","context":"&quot;\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bilgiler&quot; i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bilgiler","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/category\/vaybee\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":377,"url":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/titana-yolculuk\/","url_meta":{"origin":676,"position":2},"title":"Bir Bilim Kurgu \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc &#8211; Titan&#8217;a Yolculuk","author":"karadenizli","date":"11 \u015eubat 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Eski bir \u00f6\u011frencimin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00a0bilim kurgu \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc; Titan'a Yolculuk Bir g\u00fcn \"Gezegenler\" adl\u0131 bir kitab\u0131 okuyordum. Kitapta G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi'ndeki gezegenler hakk\u0131nda bilgiler vard\u0131. Ven\u00fcs'\u00fcn kendi \u00e7evresinde b\u00fct\u00fcn gezegenlerin tersi y\u00f6nde d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Nept\u00fcn'\u00fcn kutuplar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e d\u00f6n\u00fck oldu\u011fu gibi bilgiler \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7ti. Etraf\u0131nda halkalar\u0131 olan Sat\u00fcrn'\u00fcn uydusu Titan da ilgimi \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u2026","rel":"","context":"&quot;Her Telden&quot; i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"Her Telden","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/category\/her-telden\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Pano01.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7099,"url":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/ilginc-bir-goz-aldanmasi\/","url_meta":{"origin":676,"position":3},"title":"\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bir G\u00f6z Aldanmas\u0131","author":"karadenizli","date":"23 Haziran 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Bilim Teknik Dergisi Mart 2017 say\u0131s\u0131nda rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu g\u00f6z yan\u0131lsamas\u0131 bana \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 geldi. \u00c7izgilerin boyu ayn\u0131 fakat orta k\u0131s\u0131mlar g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcze daha uzun g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.","rel":"","context":"&quot;Her Telden&quot; i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"Her Telden","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/category\/her-telden\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/cizgiler.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":424,"url":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/leonardo-da-vincinin-notlari-aynasiz-okunmaz\/","url_meta":{"origin":676,"position":4},"title":"Leonardo Da Vinci&#8217;nin Notlar\u0131","author":"karadenizli","date":"24 Ocak 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Leonardo Da Vinci her zaman ve her zaman ilgimi \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. E onunla ilgili ilgin\u00e7 bilgileri burada payla\u015fmamak olmaz tabi. Leonardo Da Vinci solakt\u0131. Sa\u011fdan sola do\u011fru yazmaya al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden de notlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bir ayna yard\u0131m\u0131 ile okunabiliyordu. Kaynak: \u00a0Geo Dergisi\u00a0 2010 \u015eubat say\u0131s\u0131 Eki Geo Lino Dergisi Sayfa:34 El\u2026","rel":"","context":"&quot;\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bilgiler&quot; i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bilgiler","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/category\/vaybee\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Leonardo-Da-Vinci.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Leonardo-Da-Vinci.png?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Leonardo-Da-Vinci.png?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6844,"url":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/sayilarin-kupu-ile-ilgili-ilginc-bir-sayi\/","url_meta":{"origin":676,"position":5},"title":"Say\u0131lar\u0131n K\u00fcp\u00fc \u0130le \u0130lgili \u0130lgin\u00e7 Bir Say\u0131","author":"karadenizli","date":"29 Ocak 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Y\u0131llar \u00f6nce Bilim Teknik dergisinde okudu\u011fum ve not ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m ilgin\u00e7 bir sorunun unutulup gitmesine g\u00f6nl\u00fcm raz\u0131 olmad\u0131. \u00d6yle bir 5 basamakl\u0131 say\u0131 olsun ki rakamlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcp\u00fc kendisi etsin. Cevap: (1+9+6+8+3)3 = 19683","rel":"","context":"&quot;\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bilgiler&quot; i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"\u0130lgin\u00e7 Bilgiler","link":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/category\/vaybee\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=676"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/676\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karadenizli.biz\/yaren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}